Components of automatic transmission planetary gear type
An automatic transmission is a transmission where the gearshift occurs
automatically. The gear shift ability to change the speed and power ratio is
carried out automatically by various transmission components based on controls
and commands from the automatic transmission control unit.
Inside this automatic transmission system, a friction mechanism and oil pressure are control through a transmission control unit. Also, changes in speed and moment obtained through motion settings on the planetary gear unit which can function to change the speed and torque levels as in the gears in manual transmissions.
So what are the components of this automatic transmission? The following article will inform you of the main components of the automatic transmission planetary gear type. See parts of the automatic transmission planetary gear type below.
A torque converter is a mechanical transmission component that works hydraulically. The torque converter's working principle is to convert the engine's mechanical power into kinetic energy (in the form of ATF oil flow) and convert it back into mechanical force to be distributed to the transmission input shaft.
The torque converter connects the engine flywheel and the automatic transmission input shaft. The torque converter builds from several components such as a pump impeller, stator, turbine runner, one-way clutch, which work together by utilizing ATF oil filled inside the torque converter.
The torque converter in automatic transmission has various functions. Here are the functions of the torque converter :
A hydraulic control unit function is to control the Clutch and Brake's work by using the pressure generated from the oil pump. This hydraulic control unit consists of several components, namely:
The clutch and one-way clutch is a mechanical transmission component that functions as a distributor of rotational power in the transmission input shaft to the planetary gear set. Clutches in automatic transmissions all work hydraulically. Only the one-way clutch works mechanically.
Here are some names of clutches on the automatic transmissions that are connected to the planetary gear unit:
Brake is a mechanical transmission component that functions to hold the rotation rate in the planetary gear component. The brakes in this automatic transmission component also work hydraulically, whose settings are regulated by the Transmission Control Unit via the hydraulic control unit.
Here are some examples of brake names in automatic transmission components
Planetary Gear Unit is a mechanical transmission component that functions to change the gear ratio; it adjusts the torque and rotation speed created on the output shaft. The planetary gear unit also had functions to change the direction of rotation so that the car can move backward.
The planetary gear unit consists of gears arranged to resemble the arrangement of planets in the solar system. Here are some of the names of the gear components inside the planetary gear unit
The combination of gear movement in this planetary gear unit is regulated by the clutch and brake's work so that each gear is connected and can create a gear ratio change that occurs between input and output.
Read more :
Transmission Control Unit is an electrical microcomputer component that functions as a controller to regulate and control all actuators' work and solenoids based on data input from various Automatic Transmission sensors. This transmission control unit holds a shift pattern program and map as a place for controlling vehicle speed.
The transmission control unit also functions as an emergency control (fail-safe function) when the automatic transmission has trouble with the vehicle. The gear inside the automatic transmission will always set to be in third gear.
Manual linkage is a mechanical transmission component in the form of a link that is interconnected and works manually based on driver orders. Examples of manual linkage on this transmission component are the automatic transmission lever, cable selector, inhibitor switch, parking pawl, OverDrive Switch, and so on.
Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF) is a lubricating oil specially made to lubricate automatic transmissions and create pressure to move the clutch and brake components. Here are some of the other essential ATF functions:
Cars with automatic transmission systems must always use the appropriate ATF specified by the automatic transmission manufacturer. The use of a different ATF can cause the automatic transmission capability to decrease.
Inside this automatic transmission system, a friction mechanism and oil pressure are control through a transmission control unit. Also, changes in speed and moment obtained through motion settings on the planetary gear unit which can function to change the speed and torque levels as in the gears in manual transmissions.
So what are the components of this automatic transmission? The following article will inform you of the main components of the automatic transmission planetary gear type. See parts of the automatic transmission planetary gear type below.
1. TORQUE CONVERTER
A torque converter is a mechanical transmission component that works hydraulically. The torque converter's working principle is to convert the engine's mechanical power into kinetic energy (in the form of ATF oil flow) and convert it back into mechanical force to be distributed to the transmission input shaft.
The torque converter connects the engine flywheel and the automatic transmission input shaft. The torque converter builds from several components such as a pump impeller, stator, turbine runner, one-way clutch, which work together by utilizing ATF oil filled inside the torque converter.
The torque converter in automatic transmission has various functions. Here are the functions of the torque converter :
- The torque converter is an automatic clutch to transmit engine torque to the transmission input shaft using ATF fluid.
- Reduces torsional vibration from the engine and drive train.
- Increase the torque generated by the engine.
- Evens out and smoothes vibrations and engine speed.
2. HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT
A hydraulic control unit function is to control the Clutch and Brake's work by using the pressure generated from the oil pump. This hydraulic control unit consists of several components, namely:
- Oil Pump; serves to generate pressure on ATF oil and flow it to all transmission components that require ATF oil lubrication.
- Oil Pan; serves as a place to accommodate ATF oil used in automatic transmissions.
- Oil Filter (ATF Strainer); serves to filter the impurities contained in ATF oil.
- Valve Body unit; functions as an ATF oil channel to each of the Clutch and Brake components whose fluid flow regulation is regulated by the Transmission Control Unit using a solenoid.
3. CLUTCH AND ONE WAY CLUTCH
The clutch and one-way clutch is a mechanical transmission component that functions as a distributor of rotational power in the transmission input shaft to the planetary gear set. Clutches in automatic transmissions all work hydraulically. Only the one-way clutch works mechanically.
Here are some names of clutches on the automatic transmissions that are connected to the planetary gear unit:
- The front clutch function is to distribute/disconnect the torque on the reverse sun gear.
- Rear Clutch function is to distribute/disconnect the rotational power of the forward sun gear.
- End Clutch function is to distribute/disconnect the rotational power on the planetary gear carrier.
- One-way Clutch function is to distribute/disconnect the rotational power on the planetary gear carrier.
4. BRAKE
Brake is a mechanical transmission component that functions to hold the rotation rate in the planetary gear component. The brakes in this automatic transmission component also work hydraulically, whose settings are regulated by the Transmission Control Unit via the hydraulic control unit.
Here are some examples of brake names in automatic transmission components
- The Kickdown Brake; function is to hold the rotation rate of the Reverse sun gear.
- Low Reverse Brake; function is to hold the rotation rate of the planetary gear carrier.
5. PLANETARY GEAR UNIT
Planetary Gear Unit is a mechanical transmission component that functions to change the gear ratio; it adjusts the torque and rotation speed created on the output shaft. The planetary gear unit also had functions to change the direction of rotation so that the car can move backward.
The planetary gear unit consists of gears arranged to resemble the arrangement of planets in the solar system. Here are some of the names of the gear components inside the planetary gear unit
- Forward Sun Gear
- Reverse Sun Gear
- Short Pinion Gear
- Long Pinion Gear
- Annulus gear (ring gear)
- Planetary gear carrier
The combination of gear movement in this planetary gear unit is regulated by the clutch and brake's work so that each gear is connected and can create a gear ratio change that occurs between input and output.
Read more :
6. TRANSMISSION CONTROL UNIT
Transmission Control Unit is an electrical microcomputer component that functions as a controller to regulate and control all actuators' work and solenoids based on data input from various Automatic Transmission sensors. This transmission control unit holds a shift pattern program and map as a place for controlling vehicle speed.
The transmission control unit also functions as an emergency control (fail-safe function) when the automatic transmission has trouble with the vehicle. The gear inside the automatic transmission will always set to be in third gear.
7. MANUAL LINKAGE
Manual linkage is a mechanical transmission component in the form of a link that is interconnected and works manually based on driver orders. Examples of manual linkage on this transmission component are the automatic transmission lever, cable selector, inhibitor switch, parking pawl, OverDrive Switch, and so on.
8. AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID (ATF)
Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF) is a lubricating oil specially made to lubricate automatic transmissions and create pressure to move the clutch and brake components. Here are some of the other essential ATF functions:
- Can transfer the torque of the torque converter
- Lubricate the planetary gear and other moving parts
- Cools the moving components of the automatic transmission
- Control the hydraulic control system, which will affect clutch and brake work in automatic transmissions
Cars with automatic transmission systems must always use the appropriate ATF specified by the automatic transmission manufacturer. The use of a different ATF can cause the automatic transmission capability to decrease.